During a foot assessment of hallux abducto valgus, which other deformities might be present?

The presence of hallux abducto valgus, commonly known as a bunion, often indicates that there may be other associated foot deformities due to the biomechanical changes and stresses that occur in the foot.

Forefoot abductus is a condition where the forefoot deviates laterally in relation to the hindfoot, which can contribute to and exacerbate the misalignment of the big toe seen in hallux abducto valgus. The altered alignment can lead to further complications and adjustments in foot posture.

Plantar calluses can form as a result of altered weight distribution in the foot. When the toe is misaligned, it can change the way weight is borne on the foot, leading to increased pressure in certain areas and the development of calluses.

Flattening of the arch, or pes planus, can also be associated with hallux abducto valgus. This flattening can change the mechanics of the foot, contributing to poor alignment and overall foot function.

Since all these conditions can be interrelated and manifest simultaneously with hallux abducto valgus, identifying and treating all potential deformities is crucial for comprehensive foot care. Therefore, recognizing that forefoot abductus, plantar callus, and flattening of the arch may all